No one can choose their heritage, just like no one can choose who their parents are, what eye color they are born with, or who their siblings are. Identity and membership in a racial group are complex issues, and involve much more than a claim of affiliation. It is not enough for someone to simply say they are a member of a particular group, that group must also accept and recognize them as a member.
The issue of so-called “check the box” Indians is a difficult issue in the U.S., and one with which many organizations have wrestled. It is clear that some people have checked the box “Native American” or “American Indian” simply to take advantage of scholarship or other opportunities. Calls have been made for Universities to require proof of membership in a tribal group and not just an assertion of membership. Australia, for example, requires those claiming aboriginal status to satisfy a three-point test and does not accept a simple assertion of ethnicity.
Membership in cultural and ethnic groups cannot and must not be judged simply on the basis of assertions or physical appearance. American history is rife with “one-drop laws” and the problems they create. They were abandoned for a reason – they were overbroad and did not serve a legitimate purpose. What is important is participation and membership in the group. More specifically, it is a fundamental aspect of who we are as human beings and how we define ourselves.
At its core, racism is about painting people with a broad brush and using stereotypes instead of asking the necessary questions to understand each person’s circumstances and background. Racism is about assuming you can evaluate a person’s character based on what they look like, rather than by taking the time to learn about who they are.
If we as a society are to progress toward better understanding and better relations, we must stop judging based on physical appearance.